Fundamentals of Graphic Design

Formal Elements:
Line: Definition
Line Type
Line Direction
Line Quality
Shape
Texture

Principles of Design:
Balance
Emphasis
Visual Heirarchy
Rhythm 
Unity

Manipulating Space:
Positive/Negative
Illusion
Perspective

Illusion

Illusion of spatial depth refers to the manifestation of 3D effects in your design. Some shapes and elements appear closer in space and others farther away.

A picture plane is a blank white surface. It is your point of departure for the design you create.

Some simple examples of spatial depth created on the picture plane.

Identical vertical lines only suggest flatness.	Varying the length of the lines creates a visual perception of closeness and distance.
Difference in size can also create a visual perception of depth. Large objects appear close while small ones appear far.	A volumetric shape has been used against a backdrop of vertical lines to create a sense that the object is projecting off the page.

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